Hemorrhoids are a common but often overlooked problem during pregnancy. Studies suggest that 15% to 41% of pregnant women develop hemorrhoids, especially in the third trimester. As a proctologist, I see this frequently in my practice. The good news is—most cases are preventable, especially with the right dietary habits.
Let me explain what causes them and how your diet can help you stay comfortable during pregnancy.
Why Diet Matters in Preventing Hemorrhoids
During pregnancy, your growing uterus puts pressure on the veins in your lower body. At the same time, increased progesterone levels slow down your digestive system. This combination often leads to constipation. And when you strain during bowel movements, you increase the pressure in the rectal veins, causing them to swell. These swollen veins are what we call hemorrhoids.
That’s why constipation is one of the most common causes of pregnancy-related hemorrhoids. Your diet plays a key role in avoiding this.
Top Dietary Changes That Can Help
1. Eat More Fiber
Fiber softens your stool and adds bulk, which helps you pass stool easily and without straining. According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), pregnant women should aim for 25 to 30 grams of fiber every day.
You can get this from:
- Whole grains like oats, brown rice, and millets
- Pulses such as moong dal, masoor dal, and chana
- Leafy greens like spinach and fenugreek (methi)
- Fruits like papaya, pear, kiwi, and guava
2. Stay Hydrated
Fiber needs water to do its job. Without enough fluids, fiber can make constipation worse. Aim to drink 2 to 3 liters of water per day. In India’s hot and humid weather, you might need more.
Include water-rich foods like cucumber, watermelon, coconut water, and soups in your meals. Buttermilk and lassi also keep you hydrated while supporting digestion.
3. Include Healthy Fats
Healthy fats help your digestive system function smoothly. They make stools easier to pass.
You can add:
- A spoonful of ghee to your dal or roti
- A handful of nuts or seeds (like almonds or flaxseeds)
- Cold-pressed oils like mustard oil or olive oil in moderation
4. Eat Small, Frequent Meals
Large meals can slow digestion even more during pregnancy. Instead, break your meals into smaller portions and eat every 2–3 hours. This prevents bloating and supports regular bowel movements.
5. Add Probiotics to Your Diet
Probiotics improve gut health and promote smoother digestion. Curd, buttermilk, and fermented foods like idli and dosa batter are excellent choices. These help maintain healthy gut bacteria and prevent constipation naturally.
6. Avoid Processed and Refined Foods
Processed foods often lack fiber and contain ingredients that irritate your digestive tract. Limit foods like:
- White bread and maida-based snacks
- Fried items like samosas and chips
- Sugary biscuits, cakes, and sweets
Instead, choose whole grains, fresh fruits, and home-cooked meals made with local ingredients.
Traditional Indian Tips That Work
Many Indian staples are naturally supportive of digestive health. Consider these:
- Ragi (finger millet) and jowar (sorghum) are high in fiber and easy to digest.
- Barley water is a natural remedy for constipation and keeps you hydrated.
- Cooked spinach, radish leaves, and bottle gourd (lauki) promote smooth digestion.
Avoid raw bananas—they may cause constipation. And if you’re on iron supplements, increase your fiber and water intake, since iron can make stools harder.
A Sample Indian Meal Plan for the Day
Here’s a simple daily plan to prevent hemorrhoids:
- Breakfast: Dalia or oats porridge with fruits like papaya or banana
- Mid-morning: A pear or guava + coconut water
- Lunch: Brown rice + moong dal + cooked green vegetables + salad
- Afternoon: A glass of buttermilk and a handful of roasted chana or almonds
- Dinner: Whole wheat roti + seasonal sabzi + soup
- Before bed: Warm milk or a probiotic drink
What Most Women Don’t Know
- Soaked prunes or figs can be very effective natural laxatives.
- Kiwi has a special enzyme (actinidin) that helps relieve constipation.
- Iron supplements can worsen constipation. Always take them with a fiber-rich meal and plenty of water.
If you’re increasing fiber, do it gradually. Too much fiber too fast can cause gas and bloating.
When to See a Doctor
While diet helps in most cases, you should consult a doctor if:
- You see blood in your stool
- You experience severe pain or itching
- Your hemorrhoids don’t improve despite lifestyle changes
Final Words
Hemorrhoids during pregnancy are common, but they don’t have to be your reality. A fiber-rich diet, proper hydration, and avoiding processed foods can go a long way in keeping your digestive system healthy. With the right changes, you can prevent discomfort and focus on what truly matters—your baby and your health.
If you’re unsure where to start, speak with your doctor or a dietitian. A small shift in your daily habits today can prevent big problems tomorrow.
FAQ
1. How much fiber should I eat daily during pregnancy?
- I recommend 25–30 g of fiber per day, following NIDDK guidance. This amount helps soften stool and reduce straining.
2. Which Indian foods are best for fiber?
- Include whole grains (ragi, jowar, brown rice), pulses (moong, chana), leafy greens (spinach, methi), and fruits (papaya, pear, guava).
3. How much water should I drink daily?
- Aim for 2–3 liters of water per day. Adequate hydration helps fiber work well and prevents constipation.
4. Are there foods I should avoid?
- Yes. Avoid processed/refined foods like white bread, maida snacks, fried/spicy items, and minimize dairy to avoid worsening constipation.
5. Will iron supplements worsen my constipation?
- Yes. Iron can harden stools. I advise taking them with fiber-rich meals and ample water to reduce the risk.